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Tuesday, April 11, 2006

Level playing fields

I've avoided writing about political issues here, but cant resist expressing my views on the suggestion to increase caste-based reservation in higher education. Frankly, it doesnt matter whether the basis is caste or something else. Like several others, I strongly oppose the very notion of anything other than merit being the admission criteria. In the spirit of full disclosure, I fall into what's called 'general category' and made it through assorted entrance tests without any benefit from reservation (though, a generous dose of luck may have played some role)!

Here's a quote that I heard at my earlier job - to get somewhere (in life), you need to either 'know something' or 'know someone'. Thanks to 40+ years of license raj, the 'knowing someone' angle has been particularly relevant in the Indian context. Coming from a typical middle-class family, the disadvantages of not 'knowing someone' become apparent fairly early. Several activities - getting school admission, driver's license, job, housing, even movie tickets - seemed a lot easier for others who 'knew someone'. Of course, one could always get to 'know someone' fairly quickly and really well by paying bribes, but a combination of ethics and affordability limited the use of this route.

A few months past my fifteenth birthday, my parents generously gifted me my first set of IIT JEE preparation material and not-so-gently suggested that I start working through the same. Then, I didnt fully realise the wisdom of their suggestion, but like any dutiful son, did as they prodded. Somewhere along the process, even I realized something very curious about this whole IIT-thing. This was the first case where 'knowing someone' didnt matter. It only mattered whether I 'know something'. At first, I couldnt even believe it. Here is one place where I didnt have any disadvantage over my schoolmates (even the ones whose dads were IAS officers, politicians, wealthy businessmen or could otherwise afford to pay capitation-fees). In retrospect, it was one of the few truly level-playing-fields I encountered. All I had to do was to use the brains I had inherited and work really hard. I still may not succeed, but at least, it wont be due to any 'extraneous' factors. This very notion of a pure 'meritocracy' was (and still is) quite liberating. Over time, a whole bunch of people (including Silicon Valley among others) figured this out, and IITs are what they are for this reason.

I realize that my words about 'meritocracy' and 'level playing fields' are meaningless to most of the Indian-poor. For them, the world is fairly 'unlevel', starting right from access to primary education. While the middle class by-and-large has reasonable and equal access to the IITs and IIMs, the same is not true of the poor. Similarly, large parts of our education system remain 'unlevel' even for the middle class (think of all the capitation-fee colleges). These are clearly difficult and critical problems that the government (and all of us) need to address.

But, let's not mix these up with what the government is trying to do right now. Instead of spending their time on areas where equal opportunities are not available to all, the government is instead trying to f*&k up one of the few level-playing-fields that actually exist. To me, this is ridiculous and retrograde.

23 Comments:

At 7:56 AM, Blogger Unknown said...

Absolutely True...
Government thinks only of the vote banks and this may lead to a horrible fate for our nation in the long run...

 
At 8:48 AM, Blogger Natti said...

Very true Anand. Students, especially those who belong to the 'forward community' as they are called suffer the most. But somehow thse folks end up fighting through all this and coming out successful.
On your mention of a level playing field, true IIT was one of the few. Guess that is not the story anymore.
Looks like you are really pissed off with this..... Very strong language i see for the first time on your blog..

 
At 11:25 AM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

Anand.

I would like to add to your post that whatever government is planning here is to essentially make that "level playing field".
Though, I totally agree that reservations based on caste is totally ridiculous and reserving seats in IITs and IIMs would make no differnce to the poor people, as eventually, only those who can afford to get coaching will enter, and the whole purpose would be defeated.
Let me tell you my story. I come from a small town Raipur and I got through JEE in "general" category with a decent rank (lucky I was), but I saw many of my deserving friends who actually belong to villages not even knowing what is IITs going to local colleges and then I saw people from several places (for e.g Kota ) who are only there because of coaching and are no match to my deserving friends. Is this the level playing field you are talking about? I dont think so. So in short, reservation is already there, for those who can afford to get expensive coaching and undeserving people are entering IITs already in a big number. I don't know if there is any difference if now there is a new criteria for the reservation.

 
At 1:14 PM, Blogger Natti said...

Pravesh,
I will disagree with you on that. The government should take initiative to provide that education/coaching to the deserving candidates from the villages you talk about. If they are taking steps to take IT to villages, they sure can do this. The system of reservation is like a disease. We will find it very difficult to remove the system once it is in place.
Looking at the other side of the coin. I was not among those who cracked the JEE. But when I went got into a local engineering college through merit, I saw the disadvantages of the reservation system affecting my chances of getting into some good institutions. At the same time, I also saw a lot of students who used their caste certificate to enter the college but never managed to perform well. Some of them get into the college merely to postfix the degree to their name so that they can collect more dowry. Both systems have their own advantages and disadvantages. But introducing the system of reservation will cause a disease that will not find a cure.
I could rant on but let me not take up too much of Anand's space
read more at
http://howdoiusethis.blogspot.com/2006/04/reservations-in-education-i-am-sure.html
http://howdoiusethis.blogspot.com/2006/04/
reservations-in-education-i-am-sure.html

 
At 1:38 PM, Blogger santosh said...

We all know that this 'reservation thing' is pure political gimmick. On a race to show who the bigger idiot is, our politicians can fall to such low levels. Rahul Bajaj warned Sharad Yadav on Aak Tak recently that the so-called General Category be divided as they are currently. If they all come together and put a united front like the other sections and put one voice, then the entire political class would have to sit up and take-note of them. Perhaps, they'd have to increase 'reservation' for the 'general category' then.

 
At 2:13 PM, Blogger santosh said...

Rahul Bajaj's conversation was in hindi and I think his message got lost somewhere when I translated to english.


Here it goes...the political class prey that the so-called General Category be divided as they are currently. If they all come together and put a united front like the other sections and with one voice, then you (political class) would have to sit up and take-note of them. Perhaps, you'd have to increase 'reservation' for the 'general category' then.

 
At 3:03 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

think there is no right or wrong answer here. This needs serious deliberation, and a scientific study on how to lift historically disadvantaged sections. So I will not argue for "for" or "against".
I see most of the comments here "self-serving". Let's look at it objectively.
Anand said - his parents gifted him with a packet of IIT-JEE material when he was 15. This shows that Anand's parents were educated enough to know that their son should go to IIT.
But take my instance. My parents hadn't even heard of IIT, let alone buying me an IIT-JEE preparation course. So I am historically disadvantaged. Because my parents were not educated enough to know about IITs or IIMs. (It was another matter that I bought one for myself and wrote the IIT entrance. I didn't get through, maybe I didn't study hard enough. But it could also maybe that there was none at home to guide me through that important phase.)
What I want to say is there are several historical reasons that would play here and not just meritocracy. Because it's natural that a majority of advantaged sections are meritocratic, becasue they get the right guidance, they get the right support.
Let's not rubbish this as another political ploy. We need to find a solution to uplift those suppressed sections. We need to study this issue seriously.
End of the day, how many VCs are there from the historically disadvantaged sections?
I bet not even one.

 
At 5:57 PM, Blogger vikashmantri said...

My view: Reservation sucks merit is the only way out. CRAP IN CRAP OUT ( CICO pronounced as Sick-O).

However, the question of affordability needs to be answered. Narayan Murthy could not afford IIT. And also APJ Kalam could not have selling newspapers. to improve the system Scholarships and grants should be made transparent.

For all proponents of "level playing field" - "Life is not fair" so get it straight. I havent heard you complaining about the children born in Somalia dying of malnutrition and how life has been unfair to them.

Only option some will have to try harder. Call it luck, God-will, fate whatever. Merit RULZ.

 
At 5:20 AM, Blogger RYK said...

I agree with Ungal Cram above. The institutes need to raise capcity by adding more branches and more seats. Then there will be room for everyone, reservations or not.

Unfortunately we in India have still not learnt how to create abundance, instead we are only good at fighting with each other over meagre portions.

 
At 10:22 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

Full disclosure = IIT-M & IIM-A grad, "General Category"

pandering to the voter base or not, I think that the entire argument that affirmative action is justified but at the primary level and not at IITs/IIMs smacks of hypocricy.

Rad, I and a number of other folks had a lot going for us in terms of parental support, peer network, higher level of awareness and training facilities. As Parvesh and Anon1 pointed out, while JEE/CAT may represent a "level playing field" to us, it is not really a "level playing field" for folks without the monetary support, role models in their community to look upto or an environment where awareness of such opportunities exist.

While I would be interested in seeing hte background analysis in terms of projected socialogical impact that led to the 49.9% number, I believe that affirmative action is needed at IITs and IIMs. Affirmative action at the primary level is not mutually exclusive to IITs/IIMs and should be pursued as well.

- Anon2

 
At 4:07 AM, Blogger Unknown said...

(disclosure: general merit engineering in a decent college, non-IIT, non-IIM .. tried IIT-JEE but didnt make it through ;-)

Great blog post, Anand. I agree completely. Let good things be, and don't kill the golden goose!

Nice analysis, Krishna. If the problem is with awareness and prep, lets have free training for all (!)

Ungal Cram, on your response to Krishna's analysis, I have to say that you're making the same mistake again: if the problem is that other institutes are not good enough, why mess with the IITs instead of fixing the other schools that are bad? Why not tackle the source of the problem by setting proper (read consistent, enforceable.. and enforced!) standards for higher education to weed out bad colleges, and invite the private sector to step up where its a matter of capacity.

I would add that in IMHO, an IIT/IIM education (or even higher education in general) is not an entitlement - it has to be earned, and what better than on the basis of merit and intellectual capacity.

Anon#1, classes and correspondence courses can unlock your potential, but one cannot get into IIT/IIM simply because someone "took a course" or because there was someone at home to tutor you .. so stop feeling sorry for yourself and whining about being "historically disadvantaged" (what a hoot!) and just accept the fact you didnt get in, period. (it does not mean you are stupid -- lots of non-IITians are very smart and successful people, you might well be one of them).

I've also seen exactly what natti described in terms of people manipulating the quota rules or being just uncompletely unfit for the level of education they were they were given admission to: so they got into the college, but couldn't get out (!) because they were just not intellectually prepared for the classes they were taking. So what should we do then, have reservations and quotas for passing exams too?! (god forbid!) I would argue that by giving admission to people who are not academically ready/prepared for the "admission", you are being unfair to them.

This is a genie that cant be put back into the bottle (consider the after effects of Mandal, which persisted for many years after that little exercise in politics).

 
At 4:29 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

Hi Kapil

Thanks for your take too.

I see we agree with at least one thing: the need for more quality institutes.

My point is that the whole affair is being given an unnecessarily great deal of publicity -- exactly what the politicians want -- when the focus ought to be on increasing the number of quality institutions.

Why is no one talking about that, I wonder? Instead of focusing on an event, why don't we pay attention to the process?

The Government is not bothered because it's hard work (announcing reservations is so much easier), while the private sector (read industry) doesn't give a damn.

 
At 11:49 PM, Blogger Grandebelf said...

Hi Anand,

Its not about the money alone. I guess the inequality is in terms of opporutnities we have had in past generations. As tam brams et al over generations we have been reading/learning gained knowledge. The SC/STs have not had that opportunity. They have been treated as touchables. Look at it from that point of view, while i also dont agree with the reservation but find it misleading that people only look at the fee/money point of view. Imagine for generations if we had not got educated and were suddenly put in to the pool with people whose forefathers have been learning for generations. Your view is a little short sighted.

 
At 6:11 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

Dude, saw you on TV. You look fatter and older compared to the photo on the site!!

 
At 2:44 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

anon zz:

Anand, one thing is clear: people in India (including your readers)seem more interested in education / politics than in investing :-)

Personal disclosure, of another kind: I know Anand, so I can vouch for the fact that he came back to India as an MBA student rather than as an investor, and opted to stay on and work in India rather than go abroad - so Ungal Cram, your comments on him were off-base. And he's too nice a guy to defend himself against that attack :-)

 
At 11:08 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

My main contention is on the false assumption of existence of a holier "level playing field".Look around you...it doesnt exist anywhere-Even in the case of "chacha-bhatijavaad"....the level playing field never exists!If I know a level-up officer than you do, sorry dude, you ve lost.
Just by passing one or two exams the world is open to a few and restricted to a lot of others.And the "upper echelons" falsely acquire a "holier than thou" attitude to "think about them"/ Yes, the system is fucked up but what can YOU as a person do about it, maybe your next post should be that!

 
At 11:48 AM, Blogger Known said...

Reservations are legislative response to historical social and economic injustices.
Should we shelve reservations if 80% of the marriages are inter-religious and inter-caste?

 
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At 12:56 AM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

ungal cram ...! It is interesting that you curse the low standards of the universities in India and use abusive language against people like NRM who have given more to the society than taken anything from it and believe in freely expressing their views about the path to be taken without reservation for a better education system, i.e. not by supporting the so called suppressed people of the Indian society instead help them learn to support themselves by raising their standards. Reservation system would only further lower their standards/quality and render them useless for a FAIR! competition.

I believe in democracy and democracy to the fullest extent, if I have a better job offer/higher education option from somewhere regardless it being from a place across the sea I would leave and I don't think anybody wouldn't and I don't belive even the people who so called would be uplifted taking the advantage of the reservation system wouldn't leave given a chance so reservation system for making people stay in India their home land and serve the nation is utter bullshit!

The ultimate motive of every being is to have a better life (life style) that can be only supported money, Institutes like IIT and IIM ensure a good career and money just follows but this assurance is only till these institutes maintain their quality of education by churning out the best of the talents and not providing degrees to people who deserve it based on non-merit reservation system. Please tell me anything else that the people who get through the reservation system think of having if not what I mentioned above.

Reservation System is a back door to these institutes and the cost of it is paid by the students who are left out and deprived of a seat due to it. How much of a success was the 27% reservation and on what basis it is being increased to 50%? Is it because of it failure of success?

Reservation system is a political propaganda! If you need to have a reservation system why not have it only till schooling level and leave the professional education away from it. Why not keep the reservation based on economic background instead of caste, India is country with lots of poor people who need the support and assistance of this kind.

After all nobody wants to be operated by a Doctor or wants to be represented by a lawyer who has passed out with the help of reservation based on caste.

-AM

 
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